Planners everywhere rely 1 models; conservation planning is no exception. It is also no easy task – especially 2 planning for conservation on large landscapes. Just making a list 3 the ingredients one might want to include in a model can be exhausting. For a start, one will almost certainly need to model the population dynamics, perhaps even the meta-population dynamics, of one 4 more species. Their habitat preferences will be important, so they 5 must be modelled, and this 6 turn creates a need for vegetation and landscape modelling. Events may 7 an important role in the landscape dynamics, so the model might need 8 include flood, drought, wildfire, harvesting, high winds and hurricanes. The model will likely be used by multiple stakeholders with conflicting objectives, so their concerns must be addressed.