Climate change is now widely recognized among the 1SCIENCE and political communities to be accelerated by human activities. 2AWARE is widespread, and possible actions for the prevention and 3ADAPT to climate change are on the agenda of several decision making bodies, at international, national and local level. However, the effect of climate change is not 4EQUAL spread over the different parts of the planet. Some areas are more vulnerable than others, and among the most vulnerable ones, the mountain areas are certainly to be mentioned. The effects of climate change on mountain regions, including the Alps, are far more 5SIGNIFICANCE and visible than in many other areas. At the same time, 6PRACTICAL any activity in the Alps is more closely linked to their territory than in other areas: in the sectors of winter tourism, transport, energy production, water 7AVAIL, agriculture, and forests. The Alpine Convention as a multilateral framework 8TREAT between the eight States of the Alpine bow, can play a fundamental role in this context.